?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? "Wafer" ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????.
?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????
????
???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?UL? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? "Bifacial" ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????. ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? 182 ?? (???? ???????? 540 ???) ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ????? 210 ?? (???? ???????? 660 ???).
???? ????? ???? UL ???????
???? ???? Trina Solar ???????? ?? ???? ?UL? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? "LCOE" ??????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ???????? 540 ??? ?660 ???.
??? ???? ?UL? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? "CAPEX"? ???????? ????? ??????? "OPEX"? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? "LCOE"? ??????? ?? ???????? ????.
????? ??????? ??????? ???????:
|
????????? (????? ?????????? ????????? STC) |
????? ?????? ????? ???????? 540 ??? ???? |
????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? 660 ??? ???? |
|
??? ??????? |
?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? |
?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? |
|
??????? ????? ?????? |
540 ??? |
660 ??? |
|
??? ?????? ???????? |
49.5 ???? |
45.9 ???? |
|
???? ?????? ??????? |
13.85 ????? |
18.45 ????? |
|
??? ???? ????????? ?????? |
41.7 ???? |
38.1 ???? |
|
???? ???? ????????? ?????? |
12.97 ????? |
17.35 ????? |
|
????? ??????? ????????? ?????? (Pmax) |
-0.35%/?C |
-0.34%/?C |
|
??? ??????? |
2 × 72 |
2 × 66 |
|
??? ????? (????? × ?????) |
2.278 ??? × 1.134 ??? |
2.384 ??? × 1.303 ??? |
|
??????? |
20.9% |
21.2% |
????? ???????
??? ???? ?UL? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? 125 ??????? (?????) / 100.8 ??????? (??????) ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? 540 ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? 660 ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? – NX Horizon? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? - NEXTracker?? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?SMA?? ????? ??? ????????? ?????????.
?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? DC/AC? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? "CAPEX" ??? ??????? ????? 660 ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? 540 ??? ???? ????? 1.4 ??? ??????\??? ????? ?1.3 ??? ??????\??? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???????.
???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???????.
????? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ?UL? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?DC BoS? ????? 660 ??? ???? ????? 7.7% ????????? ?? ???? 540 ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? 660 ??? ????? 1.5% ????????? ?? ???? 540 ??? ????.
??? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ?UL? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? DC BoS? ????? 660 ??? ???? ????? 5.5% ????????? ?? ???? 540 ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? 660 ??? ????? 1.7% ????????? ?? ???? 540 ??? ????.
??? ???? ???? ?UL? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? 1.2-1.3% ????? 660 ??? ???? ????????? ?? 540 ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????:
|
?????? LCOE |
???? 540 ??? ???? |
???? 660 ??? ???? |
???? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? |
|
???????? |
0.0644 ?????\??????? ???? |
0.0635 ?????\??????? ???? |
-1.32% |
|
???????? ??????? ??????? |
0.0178 ?????\??????? ???? |
0.0176 ?????\??????? ???? |
-1.19% |
??????? ??????
?? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?UL?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????????.
?????? ???? ?UL? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?PVsyst?? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????.
|
?????? ?????? |
???????? 540 ??? ???? |
???????? 660 ??? ???? |
???????? 540 ??? ???? |
???????? 660 ??? ???? |
|
?????? ????? ?????? |
||||
|
??????? ?????? ??????? (??????? ????/?2/?????) |
2196 |
2196 |
1904 |
1904 |
|
??????? ?? ????? ???????? |
3092 |
3084 |
2715 |
2712 |
|
?????? ?????? (??????? ????/?????) |
387.41 |
386.37 |
340.25 |
339.85 |
|
???? ?????? (???????/?????) |
297.69 |
297.60 |
279.14 |
279.28 |
|
???? ?????? (%) |
76.8 |
77.0 |
82.0 |
82.2 |
|
???? ????? (????????) % |
33.7 |
33.7 |
31.6 |
31.6 |
|
???? ??????? ????? (??????? ????/??????? ???????) |
2376 |
2375 |
2228 |
2229 |
??????? ?????????? ?CAPEX?
???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? ?????:
|
|
???? 540 ??? ???? |
???? 660 ??? ???? |
|
???????? |
120,171,792 ????? ?????? |
118,417,303 ????? ?????? |
|
???????? ??????? ??????? |
97,682,800 ????? ?????? |
96,018,209 ????? ?????? |
?????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????
|
|
?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? (BoS) ????? ?????? ??????? ??? 540 ??? ???? ?660 ??? ???? |
?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??? 540 ??? ???? ?660 ??? ???? |
|
???????? |
-7.7% |
-1.5% |
|
???????? ??????? ??????? |
-5.5% |
-1.7% |
??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?LCOE?
????? ???? ?UL? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????????:
|
??? ???????? ???? ?????? = |
(???? ???????? ??????? × ?????? ??????? × ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????) × 1000 |
+ ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? + ?????? ?????? |
|
???? ????? × 8,760 ????\ ????? |
??????? ??????? ???????? ??????
????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?LCOE? ?????? ??????:
???? ???????? ???????
????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?FCR? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????.
???? ???????? ??????? = ????? ??????? ??? ????? × ????? ????? ???????
????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? 1.8% ????? ??????? 30% ?? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ????? 24% ????? ??????? 15% ?? ????????.
???????? ??????????
???? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??????.
???? ?????
??? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?LCOE? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? 30 ???.
?????? ??????? ????????
?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? (????? ?????? ??? ???????) ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? (\MWh).
??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????.
?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? (????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????) ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????.
???? ??????? (????????? ??????)
?????? UL ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???? 20 ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? 5?.
???????
?? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?LCOE? ???????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?LCOE? ????? 1.2 – 1.3% ????? 660 ??? ???? ????????? ?? ???? 540 ??? ????.
|
????? ???????? |
????? |
????????? |
????????? ????????? (???????) |
LCOE |
|
1 |
???????? |
540 ??? ???? |
100 |
0.0644 |
|
2 |
???????? |
660 ??? ???? |
100 |
0.0635 |
|
3 |
???????? |
540 ??? ???? |
100 |
0.0178 |
|
4 |
???????? |
660 ??? ???? |
100 |
0.0176 |
?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????: ???? ???.
?????
????? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? Vertex ?? ???? ????? ?????. ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? 182 ?? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????.
????? ??? ????? ??????!